Integrated Approaches for Management of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) to Prevent Chilli Leaf Curl Disease in Chilli Crop: A Review

Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) poses significant agricultural challenges due to its role as a vector for plant viral diseases, particularly the Chilli leaf curl disease (ChiLCD). This review discusses the multifaceted management strategies and elaborates on the future prospects and research directions to combat these threats. Precision agriculture is identified as a pivotal tool, with the utilization of drones, machine learning, and automated pesticide application offering early pest detection and targeted interventions. Exploration of novel biological controls, including RNA interference and microbiome manipulation, provide innovative avenues for sustainable pest management. A notable concern remains the development of resistance in pests. Genomic studies and an in-depth understanding of biochemical pathways have shed light on potential strategies to address resistance build-up mechanisms. Behavioral studies elucidate the adaptive changes in pests in response to pesticides. Effective management is not solely reliant on technological and biological advancements. Strengthening the linkages between farmers, extension services, and researchers is essential for the dissemination and practical application of research findings. Digital platforms, participatory research, and feedback mechanisms have emerged as beneficial in this context. While significant challenges persist in the management of Bemisia tabaci and ChiLCD, integrated approaches that combine advanced technology, innovative research, and robust stakeholder partnerships offer a promising pathway forward. This synthesis underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations and continuous research in shaping sustainable agricultural practices.