Investigation of the Different Ethnopharmacological Activity of Fractional Root Extracts of Mussaenda roxburghii in in vitro Model

Purpose: With this study, we wanted to reveal that the root extract of M. roxburghii has thrombolytic activity or not and targeted to estimate its toxicity, potentiality to inhibit inflammation by the inhibition of protein denaturation.

Methods: In vitro thrombolytic assay was used in the purpose of clot lysis capacity measurement of fractional crude extracts of M. roxburghii. We took streptokinase as a positive control. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was performed to measure the toxic potentiality of the plant extracts. The in vitro anti-inflammatory assay was designed using egg protein model to check the percent protection rate of protein denaturation.

Results: In the thrombolytic assay, ethyl acetate extract of M. roxburghii showed significant (p <0.0001) clot lysis activity with 48.85±7.38%. The positive control Streptokinase results 76.90±9.01% and negative control water results very little, 7.55±3.33%. The apoptotic activity study showed good result with EC50 of 32.46 µg/ml with significant limit of <0.002. In in vitro anti-inflammatory study the ethyl acetate extract of M. roxburghii showed highest percent of inhibition with 48.43±2.23% (p<0.001).

Conclusions: From our study outcome, the ethyl acetate and dichlormethane extracts of root of M. roxburghii have good thrombolytic, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, further study is needed to identify the phytochemicals incorporated with thrombolytic activity, the new chemicals may aid in the improvement of the treatment of atherosclerosis or embolism like diseases. We should also take result of pain inhibition and anti-cancer study, as well.