Hormonal and Histological Effects of Star Fruit, Averrhoea carambola Fruit Extract on Female Reproduction of Wistar Rat, Rattus Norvegicus

The present study investigates the effect of Averrhoa carambola ethanolic fruit extract on gonadal function and structure in female Wistar rats. Plant products with higher medicinal properties have been connected to a substantial impact on the development of novel medications. Averrhoa carambola is a well-known medicinal plant with significant antioxidant properties that is frequently used as a reproductive plant by herbalists without scientific support. A total of 15 Wistar rats weighing 100 to 143g were divided into three groups of five rats each. Food and distilled water were given to Group A, 500 mg/kg of ethanolic fruit extract of A. carambola was given to Group B, and 1000 mg/kg of ethanolic fruit extract of A. carambola was given to Group C every day for 21 days there was a substantial rise in ovarian and uterine weight in groups B and C after receiving the Averrhoa carambola fruit extract when compared to the control group. However, when compared to the control group, LH increased (p>0.0) while progesterone declined significantly. According to the findings, the extract's structural effects on the gonads of female rats were shown to be adverse. In conclusion, Averrhoa carambola fruit extract may be more beneficial as a contraceptive than a pro-fertility agent, as traditional medicine practitioners claim. The finding of this study showed that Averrhoa carambola fruit extract may have a beneficial effect on body weight, relative ovary and uterine weight, and FSH and LH activities.