Genetic Variants as a Prostate Cancer Risk

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent and potentially fatal cancers in males globally. Prostate cancer is a multifactorial disease caused by the interaction of one or more factors. In prostate cancer, several genetic alterations are involved. Due to their high complexity, these genetic modifications must be taken into consideration. These alterations not only account for a large portion of cancer deaths but also have a major impact on the effectiveness of medication. A significant challenge with advanced disease is that many hypothesized underlying pathways remain unknown or inadequately understood due to insufficient evidence. This chapter presents the available data on related pathways (DNA damage repair, androgen receptor and tumor suppression), examining each genetic anomaly (somatic copy number alterations, structural rearrangements, point mutations, SNPs, miRNA) and other related factors (P13K pathway, epigenetics, apoptosis inhibition, oxidative damage) that could be connected to the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer.