ASSESSING SEASONAL VARIATION IN THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER QUALITY OF YAMUNA RIVER AT MAKHDUMPUR, JEHANABAD, BIHAR, INDIA

The present investigation deals with the seasonal variation on physico-chemical parameters of Yamuna river at Makhdumpur in different seasons i.e. monsoon, winter and summer. Month wise different physico-chemical parameters such as water temperature, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, chloride content, silicate, sulphate, carbonate alkalinity, bicarbonate alkalinity, total hardness, total nitrogen, phosphate content, biological oxygen demand and gross primary productivity were assessed and finally computed in season wise. Water temperature (28.8°C), transparency (45.4 cm), FCO2 (11.82 mg/L), bicarbonate alkalinity (222 mg/L), total hardness (134.2 mg/L), sulphate (32.5 mg/L), chloride content ( 97.6 mg/L), and BOD (4.0 mg/L) were observed maximum during summer. The dissolved oxygen (8.1 mg/L), pH (7.7), carbonate alkalinity (17.7 mg/L) and GPP (1.62 mgC/L/hr.) were estimated maximum during winter season. Silicate (28.82 mg/L) and phosphate content (0.60 mg/L) showed maxima during monsoon season. The water was little bit alkaline in nature calcium rich and displayed the dominancy of bicarbonate type alkalinity.