A Biological Option to Optimize NH4NO3 at 70% on Growth of Zea mays

The healthy growth of Zea mays (maize) requires nitrogenous fertilizer (NF) as NH4NO3. The aim of this research to analyze the effect of consortium: Pichia norvegensis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Xanthobacter autotrophicus on Zea mays at 70% NH4NO3. In that sense experiment with randomized block design, and response variables: germination percentage and days of emergence; phenology: plant height (HP)/root length (RL) and biomass: aerial and root fresh weight (AFW)/(RFW) as well as aerial and root dry weight (ADW/RDW). Experimental data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey HSD (P<0.05).The results showed a positive effect of S. cerevisiae and X. autotrophicus on the germination of Z. mays with NH4NO3 at 70% with 100%; on phenology and seedling biomass with S. cerevisiae and X. autotrophicus registered 32.83 cm HP, 15.86 cm RL,1.84 g AFW, 1.48 g RFW, 0.27 g ADW and 0.28 g RDW, statistically different numerical values compared to 75% germination, 14.44 cm HP, 9.33 cm RL, 0.42 g AFW, 0.71 g of RFW, 0.04 g of ADW and 0.10 g of RDW of Z. mays without the microbial consortium and the NH4NO3 at 100%. The foregoing demonstrates the use of different types of endophytic yeast with X. autotrophicus as a natural option to reduce and optimize the NF that avoid soil deterioration under agriculture in sustainability scheme.